{"id":10436,"date":"2018-12-11T11:20:41","date_gmt":"2018-12-11T16:20:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/?p=10436"},"modified":"2025-05-15T10:22:14","modified_gmt":"2025-05-15T15:22:14","slug":"endurance-tests-scrutonwell-design-vortex-breaker","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/products\/temperature-products\/endurance-tests-scrutonwell-design-vortex-breaker\/","title":{"rendered":"Endurance Tests Prove Effectiveness of ScrutonWell\u00ae Design as Vortex Breaker"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Flow tests by the National Engineering Laboratory in Glasgow confirm that thermowells with a ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> design suppress vortex-induced vibrations, a benefit especially for oil and gas pipelines with higher flow rates and small nozzle connections.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Industrial chimneys with helical strakes stand firm, no matter how strong the winds. Numerous experiments, not to mention real-life situations, have proven time and time again the effectiveness of a design <a href=\"https:\/\/patents.google.com\/patent\/US3076533A\/en\" rel=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">patented by Christopher Scruton and Denis E. J. Walshe in 1957<\/a>: that helical strakes on the external surface of a \u201cbluff elongated cantilever-supported body of generally regular geometrical shape\u201d will stabilize a wind-excited structure.<\/p>\n<p>But does the same principle hold true for other long and thin bodies? Some people have their doubts. As far as thermowells are concerned, however, a recent endurance test commissioned by WIKA has confirmed what has already been demonstrated in thousands of actual applications.<\/p>\n<h2>Why vortexes form, and how to break them<\/h2>\n<p>Under rapid-flow conditions, two rows of vortices \u2013 each rotating in an opposite direction \u2013 form behind a thermowell. This phenomenon is called a K\u00e1rm\u00e1n vortex street. When they detach, these vortices create periodic lift and drag forces that could cause the thermowell to vibrate and eventually fail due to mechanical fatigue.<\/p>\n<p>However, when the thermowell has helical strakes, this design breaks up the vortices, rendering them weak and ineffective. In short, <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/knowhow\/helical-design-minimizes-vortex-formation-thermowells\/\">a helical design suppresses vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) and rules out the risk of failure due to dynamic fatigue<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\n      <div class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width:396px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-ArticleHalf wp-image-10443\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/files\/2018\/12\/tw10_scruton_illu_01i_v3_resized-388x218.jpg\" alt=\"K\u00e1rm\u00e1n vortex street\" width=\"388\" height=\"218\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/tw10_scruton_illu_01i_v3_resized-388x218.jpg 388w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/tw10_scruton_illu_01i_v3_resized-267x150.jpg 267w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/tw10_scruton_illu_01i_v3_resized-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/tw10_scruton_illu_01i_v3_resized.jpg 471w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 388px) 100vw, 388px\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">A wake forms behind a smooth thermowell, generating large vortices that can cause mechanical fatigue.<\/p><\/div>\n     \n      <div class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width:396px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-ArticleHalf wp-image-10444\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/files\/2018\/12\/tw10_scruton_illu_02o_ret_resized-388x218.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"388\" height=\"218\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/tw10_scruton_illu_02o_ret_resized-388x218.jpg 388w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/tw10_scruton_illu_02o_ret_resized-267x150.jpg 267w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/tw10_scruton_illu_02o_ret_resized-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/tw10_scruton_illu_02o_ret_resized.jpg 471w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 388px) 100vw, 388px\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Helical strakes on a thermowell break up the vortices, rendering them too weak to cause mechanical fatigue.<\/p><\/div>\n    <\/p>\n<h2>Testing WIKA\u2019s ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup>\u00a0design: Methodology<\/h2>\n<p>In early 2018, WIKA commissioned a behavioral comparison of a thermowell with a ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> design against a standard thermowell at the flow testing facility of the internationally renowned <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tuv-sud.co.uk\/nel\" rel=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">TUV SUD NEL <\/a>(National Engineering Laboratory) in Glasgow. The test comprised 47 experimental runs in a pipe containing gasoil. This diesel-like medium flowed over the thermowell at room temperature and at a velocity of between 0.5 m\/s and 6 m\/s.<\/p>\n<p>\n      <div class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width:398px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10441\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/files\/2018\/12\/bild2_nel_rohrleitungen_resized-388x218.jpg\" alt=\"National Engineering Laboratory (NEL) in Glasgow\" width=\"390\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild2_nel_rohrleitungen_resized-388x218.jpg 388w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild2_nel_rohrleitungen_resized-267x150.jpg 267w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild2_nel_rohrleitungen_resized-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild2_nel_rohrleitungen_resized-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild2_nel_rohrleitungen_resized.jpg 838w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">NEL&#8217;s flow testing facility<\/p><\/div>\n     \n      <div class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width:398px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10447\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/files\/2018\/12\/bild3_nel_test_spooler_scrutonwell_resized-388x218.jpg\" alt=\"Vortex breaker test\" width=\"390\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild3_nel_test_spooler_scrutonwell_resized-388x218.jpg 388w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild3_nel_test_spooler_scrutonwell_resized-267x150.jpg 267w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild3_nel_test_spooler_scrutonwell_resized-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild3_nel_test_spooler_scrutonwell_resized-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild3_nel_test_spooler_scrutonwell_resized.jpg 838w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> stem mounted in the pipe<\/p><\/div>\n    <\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>To measure the dynamic load at the transition to the flange, both thermowells were equipped with strain gauges for the duration of the test series. An accelerometer in the thermowell bore served to record the velocity values at the thermowell tip. All tests were documented using a high-speed camera that provided up to 12,500 frames per second.<\/p>\n<p>Prior to commencing the tests, the dimensions of the standard thermowell were adapted according to ASME PTC 19.3 TW-2016, the calculation standard, to ensure that vibration would in fact occur in the tested velocity range \u2013 both in the flow direction (in-line resonance) and at right angles to it (transverse resonance). The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wika.com\/en-us\/lp_scrutonwell.WIKA\" rel=\"external\" target=\"_blank\">model TW10-F thermowell in ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> design <\/a>was designed with the same dimensions for comparison testing. The natural frequency of this thermowell was calculated as 38.7 Hz; in other words, it deviated by only 4.1% from the frequency determined at NEL by means of experiments. This result testifies to the high reliability of the <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/products\/temperature-products\/endurance-tests-scrutonwell-design-vortex-breaker\/\">WIKA thermowell calculation software<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n      <div class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width:396px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/files\/2018\/12\/scrutonwell-vibration-388x254.jpg\" alt=\"Vibration velocity: Standard Thermowell vs. ScrutonWell\u00ae\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fig. 1: Comparison of vibration velocity at the two thermowell tips<\/p><\/div>\n    \n<h2>Results of the endurance tests<\/h2>\n<p>In Figure 1, we see that the maximum vibration measured at the tip of the standard thermowell was approximately 4.5 m\/s rms at a flow velocity of around 1.8 m\/s (in-line resonance, in gray) and approximately 2,480 mm\/s rms at a velocity of around 5 m\/s (transverse resonance, in black). No comparable maximum values were determined for the ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> design (in blue). Vibration in the ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> design increased linearly with the flow but remained very low. Strain gauge measurements of the dynamic stress at the thermowell root produced a similar picture.<\/p>\n<p>Thanks to the high-speed camera, it was possible to measure the vibration amplitudes with extreme accuracy. Taking the transverse resonance for a 4.5 m\/s flow as an example, Figure 2 documents the standard thermowell as having a deflection of 27 mm. The ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> thermowell exhibits a deflection of just 1.2 mm \u2013 about 96% less \u2013 under identical conditions (Figure 3).<\/p>\n<p>\n      <div class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width:408px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10454\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/files\/2018\/12\/bild5_standard_tw-388x179.jpg\" alt=\"Deflection of Standard Thermowell\" width=\"400\" height=\"185\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild5_standard_tw-388x179.jpg 388w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild5_standard_tw-325x150.jpg 325w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild5_standard_tw-768x355.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild5_standard_tw-1024x473.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild5_standard_tw.jpg 1134w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 2*: Deflection of the standard thermowell at 4.5 m\/s<\/p><\/div>\n     \n      <div class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width:396px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10455 size-ArticleHalf\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/files\/2018\/12\/bild6_scrutonwell-388x196.jpg\" alt=\"Deflection of ScrutonWell Thermowell\" width=\"388\" height=\"196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild6_scrutonwell-388x196.jpg 388w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild6_scrutonwell-297x150.jpg 297w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild6_scrutonwell-768x387.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild6_scrutonwell-1024x516.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild6_scrutonwell.jpg 1499w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 388px) 100vw, 388px\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 3*: Deflection of the ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> thermowell at 4.5 m\/s<\/p><\/div>\n    <\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><sup><em>* The dark background is due to the fact that gasoil, which is transparent with an amber color when at rest, becomes almost opaque when flowing.<\/em><\/sup><\/p>\n\n      <div class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width:608px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/files\/2018\/12\/fig-4_damping-1-388x264.png\" alt=\"Damping Percentage\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 4: Vibration damping with the ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> design<\/p><\/div>\n    \n<h2>Damping ratio (\u03b6)<\/h2>\n<p>The damping of the ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> design was demonstrated in comparison to the standard thermowell in 47 experimental runs with several tens of thousands of measurements. A factor \u03b6 = (1- v <sub>ScrutonWell\u00ae <\/sub><span>\u00a0<\/span>\/ v <sub>standard-thermowell<\/sub>) was introduced to enable this damping to be quantified. A damping factor of \u03b6 &gt; 0 would identify the ScrutonWell\u00ae as superior. A \u03b6 &lt; 0 value would make the standard thermowell the winner of the design comparison.<\/p>\n<p>The test proved that the mean damping of the ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> thermowell in the in-line resonance range is 90.9% of that for the standard thermowell design (Figure 4). A mean damping of 92.8% was recorded in the transverse resonance range. However, since the measured values exceeded the instrument measuring ranges in almost all of the transverse resonance tests, it can be assumed that the damping of the ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> design is actually much higher.<\/p>\n<h2>Measuring temperature response times<\/h2>\n<p>In addition to measuring vibrations at NEL, WIKA conducted a follow-up test of temperature response times to show that the ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> design does not adversely affect a thermowell\u2019s performance. These times were measured in a water\u2013glycol mixture in accordance with ASTM E644-09, the test standard for resistance thermometers. The temperature change at the two thermowells was measured at an immersion depth of 150 mm. As Figure 5 shows, the ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> design had a 17.6% faster response time compared to the standard thermowell (T<sub>90<\/sub>-time).<\/p>\n\n      <div class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width:846px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/files\/2018\/12\/fig-5_standard-vs-scrutonwell-838x471.png\" alt=\"Standard Thermowell vs ScrutonWell\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 5: Comparison of response times of a standard thermowell vs. the ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> design<\/p><\/div>\n    \n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Conclusion: ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> design delivers what it promises<\/h2>\n<p>These latest tests by NEL follow initial tests conducted at the Institute of Mechanics and Fluid Dynamics at TU Bergakademie Freiberg (Freiberg University of Mining and Technology) in 2014. Both confirm that thermowells with a ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> design live up to every expectation. Thermowells with helical strakes are a good solution whenever other options for passing calculations using the ASME PTC 19.3 TW-2016 standard are problematic.<\/p>\n<p>Very short or thick-walled thermowells may well meet the ASME requirements for mechanical strength. However, response times and precision tend to be poor. The need to strictly observe the flange nozzle dimensions (\u201cinterference fit\u201d) and the thermowell\u2019s mounting position only complicates matters further. If the thermowell has to be supported by a collar, mounting is expensive and requires considerable time and effort.<\/p>\n<p>In all such situations, thermowells with a ScrutonWell<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> design are an attractive alternative, as confirmed by numerous tests. The helical design unites the benefits of extremely effective VIV suppression with the hassle-free mounting of a standard thermowell \u2013 all without adversely affecting response times in temperature measurement.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[contact-form-7 id=&#8221;14552&#8243; title=&#8221;Blog Contact Form&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%;float: left\"><a class=\"button white\" style=\"float: right\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wika.com\/en-us\/contact.WIKA\" rel=\"external\" target=\"_blank\"><span>Contact Us<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Flow tests by the National Engineering Laboratory in Glasgow confirm that thermowells with a ScrutonWell\u00ae design suppress vortex-induced vibrations, a benefit especially for oil and gas pipelines with higher flow rates and small nozzle connections. Industrial chimneys with helical strakes stand firm, no matter how strong the winds. Numerous experiments, not to mention real-life situations, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":398,"featured_media":10441,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[221],"tags":[330,437,987],"class_list":["post-10436","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-temperature-products","tag-scrutonwell","tag-temperature-measurement","tag-thermowell"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>ScrutonWell helix thermowells prevent vortex formation - WIKA Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Flow tests from the National Engineering Laboratory show that WIKA\u2019s ScrutonWell\u00ae helix thermowell help prevent vortex formation.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/products\/temperature-products\/endurance-tests-scrutonwell-design-vortex-breaker\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ScrutonWell helix thermowells prevent vortex formation - WIKA Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Flow tests from the National Engineering Laboratory show that WIKA\u2019s ScrutonWell\u00ae helix thermowell help prevent vortex formation.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/products\/temperature-products\/endurance-tests-scrutonwell-design-vortex-breaker\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"WIKA blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild2_nel_rohrleitungen_resized.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"838\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"471\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Gabriel Gonzales\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Gabriel Gonzales\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/products\/temperature-products\/endurance-tests-scrutonwell-design-vortex-breaker\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/products\/temperature-products\/endurance-tests-scrutonwell-design-vortex-breaker\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Gabriel Gonzales\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/#\/schema\/person\/e34259b854b19ecb70ef67d7cd06d280\"},\"headline\":\"Endurance Tests Prove Effectiveness of ScrutonWell\u00ae Design as Vortex Breaker\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-12-11T16:20:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-15T15:22:14+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/products\/temperature-products\/endurance-tests-scrutonwell-design-vortex-breaker\/\"},\"wordCount\":1238,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/products\/temperature-products\/endurance-tests-scrutonwell-design-vortex-breaker\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/files\/2018\/12\/bild2_nel_rohrleitungen_resized.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"ScrutonWell\",\"temperature measurement\",\"Thermowell\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Temperature\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/products\/temperature-products\/endurance-tests-scrutonwell-design-vortex-breaker\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/products\/temperature-products\/endurance-tests-scrutonwell-design-vortex-breaker\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/products\/temperature-products\/endurance-tests-scrutonwell-design-vortex-breaker\/\",\"name\":\"ScrutonWell helix thermowells prevent vortex formation - 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