{"id":12147,"date":"2019-08-13T10:24:07","date_gmt":"2019-08-13T15:24:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/?p=12147"},"modified":"2023-08-22T01:10:02","modified_gmt":"2023-08-22T06:10:02","slug":"pressure-gauge-difference-between-npt-and-g-connections","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/knowhow\/pressure-gauge-difference-between-npt-and-g-connections\/","title":{"rendered":"Pressure Gauge Know-How: Difference Between NPT and G Connections"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Most pressure gauges around the world have either an NPT or G (metric) connection for insertion into processes. It is useful to know their differences \u2013 and also how to recognize which type is in use \u2013 without having to remove the entire assembly.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Have you ever looked at a pressure gauge in a pipe assembly and wondered which connection type it has? Perhaps you have to replace a measuring instrument or need to buy a new one. One way to find out is to remove it from the installation and look at its threads, but this will result in downtime if the process is active. There is an easier way to tell whether a gauge has an NPT or G connection.<\/p>\n\n      <div class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width:290px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/files\/2019\/08\/npt-connection_cropped.png\" alt=\"NPT connection in a pressure gauge \" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">1\/4-inch NPT connection<\/p><\/div>\n    \n<h2>NPT Connections in Pressure Gauges<\/h2>\n<p>Most of the time, the answer depends on geography. In the U.S. or Canada, the pressure gauge will most likely come with an NPT (National Pipe Tapered) connection. This thread type, standardized by ANSI (American National Standards Institute) and ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers), is typical among North American measuring instruments, found in piping systems, pumps, compressors, plumbing systems, mobile working machines, and many more applications.<\/p>\n<p>Male (external) NPT connections are somewhat conical, with the diameter of the threads decreasing slightly from socket to tip. Tapered threads seal along the flanks of the thread. Due to the spiral leak path, however, Teflon\u00ae tape (PTFE) or a sealing compound is required to create a good seal. The most common sizes for pressure gauge connections in the U.S. are \u215b-inch NPT, \u00bc-inch NPT, and \u00bd-inch NPT.<\/p>\n<p>The U.S. and Canada also use parallel threads like the <span><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/knowhow\/why-wika-usa-offers-npsm-connections-in-thermowells\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPSM (National Pipe Straight Mechanical) connector<\/a><\/span>. However, this thread type is typically found as a female (internal) component in non-pressurized devices like thermowells.<\/p>\n<p>The tapered shape of the NPT threads allows users to continue turning the connection several more degrees after making the seal \u2013 until the instrument reaches the desired position. Tightening, though, has to be done with care: Too much compression can lead to <span><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/products\/pressure-products\/gall-resistant-fitting-pressure-gauge\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">galling<\/a><\/span>, and over-tightening can damage the threads. These situations are problematic in applications that require regular installation and removal of the pressure gauge.<\/p>\n\n      <div class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width:290px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/files\/2019\/08\/g-connection.png\" alt=\"G Connections in Pressure Gauges\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">G 1\/4 B Connection<\/p><\/div>\n    \n<h2><span>G Connections in Pressure Gauges<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>If the pipe assembly is in Europe, Asia, or Latin America \u2013 basically anywhere else in the world but the U.S. and Canada \u2013 the pressure gauge will very likely have the straight threads of a British Standard Pipe Parallel (BSPP) connector, denoted by the letter G*. The tapered variants from the BSP classification system are denoted by ISO7, for example R1\/4-ISO7. <span style=\"text-decoration: line-through\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>They are often referred to as metric connections because they are used in the metric system and the dimensions are based on metric measurements. <span><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/knowhow\/differences-g14-threads\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">G connections<\/a> <\/span>have a straight body (constant diameter) with parallel (straight) threads. The main purpose of the parallel threads is to contain the pressure, which allows for regular installations and removals without damaging the thread. A sealing washer is required to seal the connection. As sealing of the connection takes place on the washer and not on the thread itself, no sealing compound or PTFE tape is required.<\/p>\n\n      <div class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width:846px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.wika.com\/us\/\/files\/2019\/08\/sealing-washer-838x331.png\" alt=\"Sealing Washer for Pressure Gauges\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sealing washer on a pressure gauge with a G connection<\/p><\/div>\n    \n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Since the thread of a G connection will bottom out at the wrench flat, no threads are left exposed. Once the connector bottoms out to make the seal, the positioning of the instrument cannot be changed. To avoid the problem of awkward gauge positioning, use a \u201ccrush washer\u201d and hand-tighten the connection. At the resistance point, approximately 1\u00bd turns are left before the crush washer flattens out. This leeway allows the user to fine-tune the pressure gauge\u2019s final position with a wrench**. If the position of the instrument is not critical, a flat washer can be used instead.<\/p>\n<h2><span>Eyeballing the Difference Between NPT and G Connections<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>When placed side by side, the difference between the two connection types is clear. The NPT thread is slightly tapered, while the G connection is straight. Another obvious visual: The G connector ends with a small protrusion (nipple), used to center the gasket. If calipers are handy, a third method is to measure the angle between threads: NPT threads are 60\u00b0, while BSP threads are 55\u00b0.<\/p>\n<p>But how about when the pressure gauge is already inserted into the process? Is there an easy way to tell which connector type an instrument has without removing it? Yes. Because a G connection bottoms out, no threads are visible. In an NPT connection, a few threads or exposed PTFE tape can be seen.<\/p>\n<p><strong>NPS vs. G Connections<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 705px\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 228.328125px\">\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 239.34375px\">\n<p><strong>NPT connection<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 235.34375px\">\n<p><strong>G connection<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 228.328125px\">\n<p>Thread shape<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 239.34375px\">\n<p>Slightly tapered<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 235.34375px\">\n<p>Straight<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 228.328125px\">\n<p>Tip of thread<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 239.34375px\">\n<p>Blunt<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 235.34375px\">\n<p>Small protrusion (nipple)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 228.328125px\">\n<p>Thread angle<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 239.34375px\">\n<p>60\u00b0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 235.34375px\">\n<p>55\u00b0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 228.328125px\">\n<p>Visual when assembled<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 239.34375px\">\n<p>Visible thread or PTFE tape<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 235.34375px\">\n<p>No exposed thread<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>The pressure experts at WIKA USA understand national and international measurement standards, pressure gauges, and which ones are best suited for your industrial processes. Contact us with your questions.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 100%;float: left\"><a class=\"button white\" style=\"float: right\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wika.com\/en-us\/contact.WIKA\" rel=\"external\" target=\"_blank\"><span>Contact Us<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>* Even though BSP is now based on metric measurements, this system\u2019s names still reflect their imperial origins. That\u2019s why G and R connection names range from 1\/8 to 6 (inches), rather than 6 to 150 (mm). As for the \u201cA\u201d or \u201cB\u201d in some name, such as the common G \u00bc B connection type, the letter denote lets users know 1) it\u2019s a male thread, as female BSP threads don\u2019t have a final letter, and 2) its tolerance class. <\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>** <\/em><\/strong><em>To avoid damaging the pressure gauge\u2019s threads, regardless of the connection type, use the right wrench and use it only on the flat area of the socket. Also, never hand-tighten an instrument by the case or the housing.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Most pressure gauges around the world have either an NPT or G (metric) connection for insertion into processes. It is useful to know their differences \u2013 and also how to recognize which type is in use \u2013 without having to remove the entire assembly. Have you ever looked at a pressure gauge in a pipe [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":187,"featured_media":12162,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[411],"class_list":["post-12147","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-knowhow","tag-pressure-gauges"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Metric and NPT Connections for Pressure Gauges - WIKA blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Most pressure gauges come with either an NPT or G (metric) connection. 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