It can take up to three years to turn bacteria, viruses or cell cultures into a vaccine. Since vaccines are injected directly into the body, safety and purity have the highest priority in production. The demands on the plant equipment are correspondingly high, for …
Filter monitoring is a core task of differential pressure gauges - the differential pressure increases as soon as the filter becomes clogged. The measuring instruments thus signal when the filter needs to be cleaned or replaced. The efficiency of such a solution can be …
What is the safest way to separate a process and the attached pressure measurement technology? The HSG 253 standard must be applied to this question, and it answers unequivocally: by means of an instrumentation valve with double block & bleed (DBB). This …
Standard pressure gauges and thermometers generally cope with ambient temperatures down to -40 °C. But what must be the features of a mechanical measuring instrument that works perfectly well in polar climates with even lower temperatures? This can be explained using …
Unlike an analogue signal, which as a physical quantity can take on continuous values, a digital signal consists of discrete values. Personally, I always think of long strings of zeros and ones floating through space: 0101 0111 0100 1001 0100 1011 0100 0001 0011 1101 …
